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Question:
1. Pick the odd one out and say why?:
a. WBS
b. Gantt chart
c. Prototype
d. Slip Chart
e. Time chart

Answer: c. Other four relates to methods of project scheduling.

Question: How do you create agile processes to manage unpredictability?

Answer:  Software increments must be delivered in short time periods and Software processes must adapt to changes incrementally

Question: Which of the following does not take account of the dependencies between activities? 
a. Activity network  
b. Resource histogram 
c. Work breakdown structure   
d. Gantt chart

Answer: WBS, rest of the activities involve multiple activities linkages.

Question:  Based on what SDLC deliverable, acceptance criteria for a project be derived and why and also give one example of NFR acceptance criteria.

Answer: The acceptance criteria should be derived from the Requirements Specification, which is where the users’ stated needs are documented. Eample, ‘a response time of less than 2 seconds for 90% of transactions’ is a lot more precise than ‘a fast response time’.

Question:  Explain the difference between effort and elapsed time. What is the significance of this difference for project planning purposes?

Answer: Effort is the total volume of work involved in a task and is best thought of as how long it would take to accomplish if one person were assigned to it.  Elapsed time, on the other hand, is how long the task will take from start to finish and this will depend on the effort involved, how many people are assigned to the task and what delays or external dependencies are involved.


Question:  Compute the function point value, corresponding effort (state your assumption) and the Minimum time to develop for that effort for a project with the following information domain characteristics.
Duration: use the formula :  2.5*(Effort)^exponent   Exponent can be :0.32,0.35,0.38

Question: Read the following project scenario and suggest your best approach by precisely answering the questions (make your own assumptions and state them clearly)
You are currently the Project Manager (PM) for the first development project of EuroShell—the prestigious customer who has recently signed an MoU with your company—XcelPro--for a multi-million-dollar business over the next 5 years. The project spans a period of 9 months and it involves several new technologies/tools. In addition, the customer keeps changing the requirements at an average rate of 1-2 change-requests (CR) per month. You are asked to send regular weekly status reports to the customer’s PM. The customer has not raised any major issue (nor responded to your regular status reports) till the final product is delivered for acceptance testing (UAT) during which your Delivery Head (your boss) received a major escalation (mail) from the customer (with a copy to XcelPro’s CEO) citing various defects observed and in turn seriously doubting XcelPro’s capability to develop and deliver software product.

Q1) You are asked to prepare a report/PPT as response to the escalation mail by holding a meeting via video conference call with customer.  Who are all the people to be involved in the meeting? What are agenda/items in your report/PPT? What are your recommended methods/techniques for presentation of data/issues so that the meeting concludes well with renewed trust in the company’s management and its QMS?  5 Marks

Q2) What was the format/Template of your project report?  Why do you think your customer did not respond to your regular weekly status reports (and of course, jumped with an escalation only at the end of delivery)? What factors (internal/external) contributed to this escalation?  If you were to redesign your project status report to elicit frequent responses from customers, what would you do?   5 Marks

Mid-Sem Paper Solutions:

Note: Provide justification for your choice; else you will get zero, More than one choice may be the right answer.

Question:
When using Agile methods, planning is usually done based on:
A.    Scheduled Milestones                   B. Series of Releases
C.    Fixed Requirements                      D. Technical feasibility

Answer: B
Series of Releases

Justification:
AGILE methodology is a practice that promotes continuous iteration of development and testing throughout the software development life-cycle of the project. In Agile Planning, Selection of features develops during a specific set of time(The sprint).

Basically, in an Agile Project - release plan is focused on planning multiple iterations in an effort to determine when each release will be delivered. In order to achieve the product vision,

Tip: There are lots of reasons which you can use here, the basis on your work. If you have worked in an agile project. 

Question:
All of the following statements concerning stakeholders are true except
A.    Differences between or among stakeholders should be resolved in favor of the customer.
B.    Managing stakeholder expectations may be difficult because stakeholders often have very different objectives that may come into conflict.
C.    Project stakeholders may influence the course of the project and its results.
D.    Differences between or among stakeholders should be resolved in the most cost-efficient manner consistent with project objectives.

Answer: D
Differences between or among stakeholders should be resolved in the most cost-efficient manner consistent with project objectives.


Question:
During a company event, you had the opportunity to talk to a colleague project manager. He told you that in his current project actual costs are15% under cumulated costs scheduled for today. What do you think?
A.    The information available is not sufficient to assess project performance.
B.    The project will probably be completed with total costs remaining under budget.
C.    A significant cost increase during the further course of the project will probably bring the costs back to the baseline level.
D.    Original cost planning must have been poor to allow this variance.

Answer: A
The information available is not sufficient to assess project performance.

Question
Which of the following is not achieved by an automated estimation tools?
Select one:
a. Predicting clients demands.
b. Predicting software schedules.
c. Predicting software cost.
d. Predicting staffing levels.

The Correct answer is: Predicting clients demands.

Question
The Mangers use the acronym SMART while goal setting. What does SMART stand for?
Select one:
a. spectacular, measurable, actionable, resourced, timely
b. specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, timely
c. suitable, measurable, actionable, reviewed, timely
d. standardised, measurable, actionable, resourced, timely

The Correct answer is: specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, timely

Question
Which of these is NOT true for a matrix organizational structure?
Select one:
a. It follows the unity of command principle rigorously
b. Task and personality conflicts are a disadvantage of Matrix structure
c. Individual operators have to do double reporting both to a Project Manager and to the Functional manager
d. It is generally employed in project driven organizations

The Correct answer is: It follows the unity of command principle rigorously

Question
Which of the following is incorrect activity for the configuration management of a software system?

Select one:
a. System management
b. Version management
c. Internship management
d. Change management

The Correct answer is: Internship management

Question
While computing the costs of a software development project, which of the following is/are main parameters that you should use

Select one:
a. hardware and software costs
b. All of the above
c. Effort costs (the costs of paying software engineers and managers)
d. travel and training costs

The Correct answer is: All of the above

Question
what is the common metrics for correctness of software?

Select one:
a. Error
b. Good documentation
c. Defect
d. LOC

The correct answer is: Defect

Question
Which among the following is the prominent reason for the considering of waterfall model as software development life cycle method:

Select one:
a. Simple flow of the phases
b. Detailed requirement analysis
c. Well planned resource allocation at every phase
d. Considers feedback after every stage.

The correct answer is: Well planned resource allocation at every phase

Question
The purpose of the methodologies are to provide _______________ to assist the project manager/leader and business analysts in reducing common risks associated with projects, and ensuring projects are executed more consistently.

Select one:
a. A set of tools and templates
b. Document and templates
c. Roles and responsibilities
d. Activities

The correct answer is: A set of tools and templates

Question
During the life of a project every manager follows the process, known as :

Select one:
a. Project Management
b. All of the above
c. Manager life cycle
d. Project Management Life Cycle

The correct answer is: Project Management Life Cycle

Question
A methodology is a collection of processes, methods, and tools for accomplishing a /an ________.

Select one:
a. Task
b. Objective
c. Phase
d. Activity

The correct answer is: Objective

Question
Identify which one is not an Evolutionary Process Model

Select one:
a. Spiral Model
b. All are Evolutionary Software Models
c. WINWIN Spiral Model
d. Incremental Model
e. Concurrent Development Model

The correct answer is: All are Evolutionary Software Models

Question
Arrange the following steps to form a basic/general Engineering Process Model.

1)Test
2)Design
3)Install
4)Specification
5)Manufacture
6)Maintain

Select one:
a. 4, 2, 5, 1, 3, 6
b. 2, 4, 5, 1, 3, 6
c. 4, 2, 5, 1, 6, 3
d. 2, 4, 5, 1, 6, 3

The Correct answer is: 4, 2, 5, 1, 3, 6

Question
Which of the following software development model is suitable for large size project?

Select one:
a. Water fall
b. XP
c. Incremental
d. Prototyping

The Correct answer is: Incremental

Question
In FP, adjustment factor is measured in the range of

Select one:
a. 16 – 20
b. 0 – 5
c. 6 – 10
d. 11 – 15

The Correct answer is: 0 – 5

Question
Which model is used during early stages of the system design after the requirements have been established?

Select one:
a. An application-composition model
b. A reuse model
c. A post-architecture model
d. An early design model

The Correct answer is: An early design model

Question
Project management (PM) is the application of _________________ to meet project requirements.
Select one:
a. skills, tools and techniques
b. knowledge, skills, tools and techniques
c. knowledge, tools and techniques
d. knowledge, skills, tools

The Correct answer is: knowledge, skills, tools and techniques

Question
A ____ is the sequence of processing steps that completely handles one business transaction or customer request
Select one:
a. Model
b. Workflow
c. Prototype
d. Mock-up

The Correct answer is: Workflow

Question
Agile or Scrum processes are used for improving

Select one:
a. Reduce customer dissatisfaction
b. Reduce cost and effort
c. Software quality
d. Manage complexity

The correct answer is: Reduce customer dissatisfaction

Question
What should a project manager do or follow to ensure clear boundaries for project completion?

Select one:
a. Risk management plan
b. scope definition
c. Scope verification
d. Completing a scope statement

The correct answer is: Completing a scope statement

Question
Which is the following is an internal software quality from given below

Select one:
a. Usability
b. Reliability
c. Scalability
d. Reusability

The correct answer is: Reusability

Question
Which of the following SDLC method wherein we cannot accommodate changes in requirement

Select one:
a. Agile
b. Waterfall
c. Iterative
d. Spiral

The correct answer is: Waterfall

Question
______ model is not suitable for accommodating any change
Select one:
a. Waterfall Model
b. Prototyping Model
c. Build & Fix Model
d. RAD Model

The Correct answer is: Waterfall Model

Question
Smith is a project manager for ABC Video games. He has produced a project network diagram and has updated the activity list. Which process have he just finished?
Select one:
a. The Activity Sequencing process, which identifies all the activities dependences
b. The Activity Sequencing process, which identifies all the specific activities of the project
c. The activity duration Estimating process, which identifies all the dependent activities of the project
d. The activity duration Estimating process, which diagram project network time estimates

The Correct answer is: The Activity Sequencing process, which identifies all the activities dependences
Question
What type of measure is LOC?

Select one:
a. Indirect
b. Delphi
c. Direct
d. Top down

The Correct answer is: Direct

Question
RAD Software process model stands for _____.

Select one:
a. Relative Application Development.
b. Rapid Application Design.
c. Recent Application Development.
d. Rapid Application Development.

The Correct answer is: Recent Application Development.

Question
A team working on a sprint learns that it will not be able to achieve the sprint goal, then which of the following action is most appropriate to take:

Select one:
a. Keep working to get as close to the sprint goal as possible and all the unfinished items are moved back to the product backlog after the end of the current sprint.
b. Change the sprint goal to what seems achievable
c. Declare the sprint as failed and work out an alternative plan to reach the sprint goal
d. Cancel the sprint and immediately start a new sprint

The Correct answer is: Keep working to get as close to the sprint goal as possible and all the unfinished items are moved back to the product backlog after the end of the current sprint.

Question
Success is measured through the success criteria established for an individual project or program that should answer which of the following question/s:

Select one:
a. Are there benefits to what was delivered?
b. Did the process used to get to the end point work well?
c. Did the project deliver what was asked for?
d. All of above

The Correct answer is: All of above

Question
Which technique is applicable when other projects in the same analogy application domain have been completed?

Select one:
a. Algorithmic cost modelling
b. Parkinson’s Law
c. Estimation by analogy
d. Expert judgement

The Correct answer is: Estimation by analogy

Question
A _________ is developed using historical cost information that relates some software metric to the project cost.

Select one:
a. Estimation by analogy
b. Parkinson’s Law
c. Expert judgement
d. Algorithmic cost modelling

The Correct answer is: Algorithmic cost modelling

Question
Which of the following costs is not part of the total effort cost?
Select one:
a. Costs of support staff
b. Costs of lunch time food
c. Costs of networking and communications
d. Costs of providing heating and lighting office space

The Correct answer is: Costs of lunch time food

Question
Which of the following is the process of assembling program components, data, and libraries, and then compiling and linking these to create an executable system?
Select one:
a. Change management
b. Version management
c. Release management
d. System building

The Correct answer is: System building

Question
What should be done by the project manager to ensure that all work in the project is included?

Select one:
a. Create a scope statement
b. Create a contingency plan
c. Create a WBS
d. Create a risk management plan

The Correct answer is: Create a WBS

Question
What the system should do is described by the _____________requirement

Select one:
a. Functional
b. Non-functional

The Correct answer is: Non-functional

Question
The ______________should be followed to ensure software quality management of the project
Select one:
a. Time
b. Cost
c. processes
d. scope

The Correct answer is: processes

Question
When can selected common process framework activities be omitted during process decomposition?

Select one:
a. Any time the software is mission critical.
b. Never—the activities should always occur
c. When the project is extremely small in size.
d. Rapid prototyping does not require their use

The Correct answer is: Never—the activities should always occur

Question
What is the first step in Project Planning?

Select one:
a. Establish the objectives and scope.
b. Determine the project constraints.
c. Determine the budget.
d. Select a team organizational model.

The Correct answer is: Establish the objectives and scope

Question
Project managers have to assess the risks that may affect a project.

Select one:
a. True
b. False

The Correct answer is: False

Question
Which of the following is a people-intensive activity?
Select one:
a. Project management
b. Organization
c. Motivation
d. Problem solving

The Correct answer is: Project management

Question
What are the signs that a software project is in trouble?
Select one:
a. Changes are managed poorly.
b. Deadlines are unrealistiC)
c. The product scope is poorly defineD)
d. All of the given options.

The Correct answer is: All of the given options.

Question
One technique of Black Box testing is Equivalence Partitioning. In a program statement that accepts only one choice from among 10 possible choices,numbered 1 through 10, the middle partition would be from _____ to _____

Select one:
a. 1 to 10
b. 0 to 10
c. 4 to 6
d. None

The Correct answer is: 1 to 10

Question
Who delivers the technical skills that are neccenece to engineer a product or an application.
a. practitioners
b. senior managers
c. project managers
d. none

 The Correct answer is: practitioners

Question
_____ is not a phase of Prototyping Model

Select one:
a. Engineer Product
b. Coding
c. Quick Design
d. Prototype Refinement

The Correct answer is: Coding

Question
Advantages of using LOC (lines of code) as a size-oriented metric is

Select one:
a. LOC is easily computed.
b. LOC can be computed before a design is completed.
c. LOC is a language dependent measure.
d. LOC is a language independent measure.

The Correct answer is: LOC is easily computed.

Question
Which may be estimated either in terms of KLOC (Kilo Line of Code) or by calculating number of function points in the software?

Select one:
a. Software size estimation
b. Time estimation
c. Cost estimation
d. Effort estimation

The Correct answer is: Software size estimation

Question
Following is a terminology used in Project plan activity Diagram

Select one:
a. Swim lanes
b. Use case
c. Objects
d. Float

The correct answer is: Float

Question
A software Service Company is in the business of implementing ERP software. The company has recently received a new Project from a client to implement the ERP software. For this project, which project management framework would probably be the most appropriate?

Select one:
a. Predictive/Waterfall
b. Prototype
c. Adaptive/Agile
d. Cost-Schedule-Scope (triple constraint)

The correct answer is: Predictive/Waterfall

Question
A company should select a project to be performed by the organization based on:

Select one:
a. The description of the process and the number of projects in the program
b. The amount of money remaining in the budget and the company's ability to spend it
c. How well the project meets the criteria they have established and their ability to complete the project with the available resources
d. The skill of the people in the organization who haven't been assigned to work on a project

The correct answer is: How well the project meets the criteria they have established and their ability to complete the project with the available resources

Question
Project manager is not responsible for :

Select one:
a. Project delivery
b. Integrator and co-ordinator
c. Project planning and controlling
d. Business case approval

The correct answer is: Business case approval

Question
How does a software project manager can reduce the risk of software failure?

Select one:
a. track progress
b. Request more budget

The correct answer is: track progress

Question
Agile Software Development is based on

Select one:
a. Incremental Development
b. Both a and b Correct
c. Linear Development
d. Waterfall Model
e. Iterative Development

The correct answer is: Both a and b


Question
Which one of the statements is correct - BVA is to use input variable values at

Select one:
a. Only on normal, minimum and just above the minimum
b. Only on normal and minimum values but not on maximum values
c. Only on normal, maximum and just below maximum
d. Only on normal, minimum, just above minimum, maximum and just below maximum

The Correct answer is: Only on normal, minimum, just above minimum, maximum and just below maximum

Question
If a software production gets behind schedule, one can add more programmers and catch up.
Select one:
a. True
b. False

The Correct answer is: False

Question
Which of the following is not a Software Configuration Management Activity?

Select one:
a. Configuration item identification
b. Release management
c. Branch management
d. Risk management

The Correct answer is: Risk management

Question
A 66.6% risk is considered as

Select one:
a. high
b. very low
c. moderate
d. low

The Correct answer is: Decomposition

Question
Which of the following is not project management goal?

Select one:
a. Maintaining a happy and well-functioning development team
b. Delivering the software to the customer at the agreed time
c. Keeping overall costs within budget
d. Avoiding customer complaints

The Correct answer is: Avoiding customer complaints

Question
The project life cycle consists of
Select one:
a. Objectives of the project
b. All of the above
c. Formulation and planning various activities
d. Understanding the scope of the project

The Correct answer is: All of the above

Question
The following is not a prototype type

Select one:
a. Throw away
b. Throw in
c. Incremental
d. None of the above

The Correct answer is: Throw in

Question
The project planner examines the statement of scope and extracts all important software functions which is known as

Select one:
a. Decomposition
b. All of the given options
c. Planning process
d. Association

The Correct answer is: Decomposition

Question
If no. of error before delivery is 15 and no. of defects after delivery is 25 then, DRE is

Select one:
a. 0.625
b. 0.375
c. 2.65
d. 1

The Correct answer is: 0.375

Question
The term ____ refers to all the people who have an interest in the successful implementation of the system

Select one:
a. stakeholders
b. clients
c. users
d. middle managers

The Correct answer is: stakeholders

Question
Which of the following is a requirement management activity ?

Select one:
a. Construction and Test
b. Design
c. Investigation
d. All of the mentioned

The Correct answer is: All of the mentioned

Question
If an activity on the critical path takes longer than anticipated, then:

A. Activities not on the critical path have additional slack.
B. Activities not on the critical path have less slack.
C. Additional critical path activities will appear.
D. None of the above.

The Correct answer is: Activities not on the critical path have additional slack.

Question
A _________ is defined as "the work breakdown that covers the acquisition of a specific defense material item and is related to contractual effort." Select correct option:

Select one:
a. Contract WBS
b. Program WBS
c. None of given
d. Contract Program WBS

The Correct answer is: Program WBS

Question
Requirements are refined and analyzed to assess their clarity, completeness, and_______

Select one:
a. Concurrency
b. None of given
c. Consistency
d. Correctness

The Correct answer is: Consistency

Question
This is done before a Project begins

Select one:
a. Project review
b. Effort estimation
c. Time estimation
d. User Acceptance

The Correct answer is: Effort estimation

Question
A temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique ____________.

Select one:
a. All of above
b. Result
c. Service
d. Product

The Correct answer is: All of above.

Question
A program is a group of related _______________managed in a coordinated way to obtain benefits and control not available from managing them individually.

Select one:
a. Programs
b. Projects
c. Activities
d. phases

The Correct answer is: Projects

Question
According to a statistical report: “over 30% of all software projects are cancelled before completion and over 70% of the remainder fail to deliver expected features”. What must be the reason for such a situation ?

Select one:
a. All of the mentioned
b. Poor quality control
c. Poor change management
d. Poor requirements management

The Correct answer is: Poor requirements management

Question
An organization is certified to a stringent environmental standard and uses that as the key differentiator with its competitors. Alternative identification during scope planning for a particular project has thrown up an expeditious approach to achieve a project need, but this involves a risk of environmental contamination. The team evaluates that the likelihood of the risk is very low. What should the project team do?

Select one:
a. Plan all precautions to avoid the risk
b. Work out a mitigation plan
c. Drop the alternative approach
d. Procure an insurance against the risk

The Correct answer is: Drop the alternative approach

Question
Which of the following is not considered as a risk in project management?

Select one:
a. Specification delays
b. Testing
c. Staff turnover
d. Product competition

The Correct answer is: Testing

Question
A ______ has an objective that is typically defined around the ongoing operation.

Select one:
a. Process
b. Project
c. Program

The Correct answer is: Process

Question
Which pricing model/contract is suitable when requirement is not clear and client requires high level of flexibility or change request during the development process

Select one:
a. Fixed price
b. Time and material

The Correct answer is: Time and material

Question
In Equivalence Class Partitioning (EC- Weak Robust), a test case should have.

Select one:
a. All invalid values
b. One invalid value and the remaining values should be valid
c. None
d. All valid values

The Correct answer is: One invalid value and the remaining values should be valid

Question
Which of the following is not a project manager’s activity?

Select one:
a. project design
b. project management
c. project planning
d. project control

The Correct answer is: project design

Question
Which of the following are parameters involved in computing the total cost of a software development project?
Select one:
a. All of the mentione
b. Travel and training costs
c. Hardware and software costs
d. Effort costs

The Correct answer is: All of the mentione

Question
Parametric estimation techniques are based on:

Select one:
a. Uniform statistical data
b. conjecture of Project Manager and his/her team
c. Historical data on similar projects
d. expert opinion

The Correct answer is: Uniform statistical data

Question
An estimation technique ____________measure the size of the functionality to be developed.
Select one:
a. Analogy
b. Function Point
c. WBS

The Correct answer is: Function Point

Question
After a study of the work processes on a project, a quality audit team reports to the project manager that irrelevant quality standards were being used by the project, which might lead to rework. What was the objective of the project manager in initiating this study?

A. Quality control
B. Quality planning
C. Checking adherence to processes
D. Quality assurance

The Correct answer is: Quality assurance

Question
Which of the following is not generally considered a stakeholder in the software process?
Select one:
a. end users
b. project team
c. sales team
d. customer

The Correct answer is: sales team

Question
Which model is used to compute the effort required to integrate reusable components or program code that is automatically generated by design or program translation tools?

Select one:
a. An application-composition model
b. An early design model
c. A reuse model
d. A post-architecture model

The Correct answer is: A reuse model

Question
What is the simplest model of software development paradigm?

Select one:
a. Big Bang model
b. Spiral model
c. V-model
d. Waterfall model

The correct answer is: Waterfall model

Question
The PERT technique gives most weightage to:
Select one:
a. the most pessimistic estimate obtained
b. the most optimistic estimate obtained
c. the most likely estimate obtained
d. all the estimates obtained have equal weights

The correct answer is: the most likely estimate obtained

Question
Which of the following is not a commonly used technique for schedule compression:
Select one:
a. quality reduction
b. use of overtime
c. scope reduction
d. resource reduction

The correct answer is: resource reduction

Question
To detect fraudulent usage of credit cards, the following data mining task should be used

Select one:
a. Outlier analysis
b. prediction
c. association analysis
d. feature selection

The correct answer is: Outlier analysis

Question
If Task A to complete, it takes 10 days of human effort. It started 5 days earlier to the scheduled date and completed on 35th day. Then, the float value

Select one:
a. 20
b. 25
c. 10
d. 15

The correct answer is: 20

Question
Which of the following is not an effective software project management focus?

Select one:
a. popularity
b. product
c. process
d. people

The correct answer is: popularity

Question
One of the best ways to avoid frustration during the software development process is to:
Select one:
a. Hide bad news from the project team members until things improve.
b. Give team members more control over process and technical decisions.
c. Give team members less control over process and technical decisions.
d. Reward programmers based on their productivity.

The Correct answer is: Give team members more control over process and technical decisions.

Question
Select from the following which is not project management goal
Select one:
a. Delivering the software to the customer at the agreed time.
b. Keeping overall costs within budget.
c. Maintaining a happy and well-functioning development team.
d. Avoiding costumer complaints.

The Correct answer is: Avoiding costumer complaints.

Question
Arrange the following steps to form a basic/general Engineering Process Model. 1. Test 2. Design 3. Install 4. Specification 5. Manufacture 6. Maintain
Select one:
a. 2, 4, 5, 1, 3, 6
b. 2, 4, 5, 1, 6, 3
c. 4, 2, 5, 1, 3, 6
d. 4, 2, 5, 1, 6, 3

The Correct answer is: 4, 2, 5, 1, 3, 6

Question
------------------ is the linear software development lifecycle methodology
Select one:
a. Prototyping
b. Spiral
c. Agile
d. Waterfall

The Correct answer is: Waterfall